1800-1899


 * ==History of Computing==

1801
J.M. Jacquard invents Jacquard's loom

First programable loom that would run off of data given on planks of wood tied together with rope (as seen above). If a hole was open a hook would raise and if there was no hole the hook would desend and so a pattern would be formed in the final product. This punch card system is considerd to be an important step in the history of computing according to Wikipedia.org.

Joseph Marie Jacquard (1752-1834) Inventer of Jacquar's loom, Joseph Jacquard was born Lyon France July 7, 1752. In 1801 Jacquard exibited his invention in Paris at an industrial exibition where he was eventuly discovered. The portrait of Jacquar (above) is woven in silk made by Jacquar's loom with 24000 punch cards.

"Joseph Marie Jacquard." //Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia//. Wikipedia, 25 Jan. 2011. Web. 08 Feb. 2011. []. "Computer History for 1800's." //Computer Hope's Free Computer Help//. Computer Hope, 2011. Web. 08 Feb. 2011. __.__
 * Bibliography:**

**Nikola Tesla (1856)**
Nikola Tesla, was born in the town of Smiljan, in the Austrian Empire (modern day Croatia) in July 1856. He took education very seriously as he was growing up, and dreamed to someday move to American and harness the power of Niagra Falls. After dropping out of college he moved to Budapest, Hungary, and went to work for a telegraph company. In 1882 he then moved to Paris and was hired by Thomas Edison to work for his company, Edison Machine Works. Tesla's work for Edison started with simple electrical engineering but quickly progressed to solving some of the company's most difficult problems. Eventually he moved to New York City to work for Edison. Tesla started his own company, Tesla Light & Manufacturing, and starting to work. During his lifetime he managed to obtain over 300 patents worldwide. Towards the end of his life he gained a “mad scientist” reputation from making strange statements to the public, and rarely breaking from research. He even claimed that he had the idea to create a deathray, but never wrote his plans down, thus the secret died with him. He died in debt, on January 7, 1943. The SI measure for magnetic field strength was named after him, the “Tesla”.
 * Life**


 * Inventions/Patents**


 * wireless energy transfer to power electronic device
 * filed the first radio patent
 * “electric igniter" or spark plug
 * Magnifying Transmitter
 * discovered the electron
 * x-ray photography

Prince, Cameron B. "Tesla News." Nikola Tesla Universe. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 Sept. 2012. http://www.teslauniverse.com/. "Tesla - Master of Lightning." PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 05 Sept. 2012. http://www.pbs.org/tesla/. Vujovic, Dr. Ljubo. "Tesla's Biography." Tesla's Biography. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 Sept. 2012. http://www.teslasociety.com/biography.htm. "Nikola Tesla." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 09 June 2012. Web. 06 Sept. 2012. .

__Tabulating Machine (1890)__
Herman Hollerith invented the Tabulating Machine, the device was made to help collect and organize data collected during the 1890 U.S. census through the use of punch cards, which could be mechanically 'read' which contained a persons sex, age, ect. this concept for how it would work was actually inspired by the punching of train tickets.It was successful by accomplishing the task in only one year instead of the 8 it would take to be done by humans. One of IBM’s early tabulating machines

Herman Hollerith was a inventor, statistician, and business man. He was born on February 28, 1960 in Buffalo, New York. founds his own company called the //Tabulating Machine Company in// in 1896, which along with four other companies to become the //Computing Tabulating Recording Corporation,// and later on would be renamed //International Business Machines Corporation//, or IBM in 1924. Herman died on November 17th, 1929.

Hollerith

1822: Charles Babbage begins his work on the difference engine

**//Worlds First Computer Programmer//**
An Englishman, Augusta Ada King, is specifically known for her achievement as the first computer programmer in the world. She was a very smart woman and indeed was probably well ahead of her time. She was recognized for her work on one of the first analytical engines created by Charles Babbage. The engine was designed to process algorithms faster than any human brain. Eventually this definitely happens, but not in her time.

Between 1842 and 1843 Ada Lovelace created what is considered to be the worlds first program. She translated Luigi Menabrea's (Italian mathematician) memoir for Babbage's Analytical Engine. By translating the memoir she created a set of notes including what is called Section G which was a method used to calculate a squence of Bernoulli numbers right on to the machine. Had the machine been built, the invention would have been a great success. But even without that, Ada Lovelace is stilled considered the first Computer Programmer.

Bibliography: "19th Century Inventions 1867 to 1899." //Inventors//. Web. 25 Jan. 2012. []. "File:Ada Lovelace.jpg." //Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia//. Web. 13 Feb. 2012. . "Ada Lovelace." //Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia//. Web. 13 Feb. 2012. [].


 * QWERTY Keyboard**

//Final design of QWERTY keyboard with labels of what keys were added later on//



The original QWERTY keyboard design was created by Christopher Sholes in the 1870's. Sholes worked as a newspaper editor and printer, and decided to create a new layout for keys because of the type writer's tendency to get jammed. By figuring out which keys were pressed the most, Sholes sought to place popular keys further away from each other. Having spread out keys also allowed people to type faster because they were able to use their other hand to help. Sholes' design was sold to E. Remington and Sons, where it was changed to the format we use today. It was hypothesized that it was changed so that business men could write "TYPE WRITER" all on the top row, but this suspicion was never verified. The format was adopted with the success of the Remington No. 2, which was the first keyboard to allow upper and lower case letters to be typed via the shift key. Most English speaking countries have adopted this format, but some have changed it slightly to allow for extra letters or punctuation marks. In general, this layout has stayed the same for over a century.

"Qwerty" by Drawn by Mysid in CorelDRAW. - Own work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons -
 * Citation:**

"QWERTY." //Wikipedia//. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2015.